Huailai County east, from the northeast to the southwest lie
a rolling, imposing ancient architectural works, this is the Great Wall.
Great Wall of ancient China's greatest works, it reflects
the tremendous achievements of China's ancient architecture, the performance of
a high degree of wisdom and perseverance of the working people of ancient
China, show a long history and splendid culture of the Chinese nation, is a
symbol of the Chinese nation , is forever cherished cultural heritage. The
territory of the county Yan Ming Great Wall, also condense the blood, sweat and
wisdom of ancient peoples.
(A) the national struggle and the Great Wall built in the
Ming Dynasty necessity
When it comes to the Great Wall, many into all that, as long
as the Great Wall, Qin Shi Huang built must be undoubtedly. In fact, as early
as the Qin Shi Huang in front of three or four hundred years had begun to Great
Wall's
construction work, Qi, Chu, Yan, Zhao, Wei, Qin for mutual defense, are
under the jurisdiction of the territory of the construction of the Great Wall,
which is defensive works, with the scale of war escalation and production
technology progress is a major undertaking in military science. In 221 BC, Qin
Shi Huang unified the six countries, a centralized state order Gong group
history, the Qin Dynasty, in addition to the twelve county that is set along
the Great Wall (large ancient city site is located in the county was on the
Valley Gunji) also sent generals of Penpower, Yangrui and rate of three hundred
thousand troops, the Prince Edward Buso jianjun combat closed slaves, the
demolition of the city walls of the various warring states, pass to Yan, Zhao
and Qin Great Wall based a
large scale to create the Great Wall since Lintao to
Liaodong. The county west the Guanting Reservoir Barrage east along Mountains
downs through large ancient city of South the big Yamaguchi, East Bay, Yanger
Ridge into the soil until Liaoning, Liaoyang near near more than a thousand
miles Great Wall Beijing Yanqing County Yingchengzi, is BC three hundred built
ten year Yanzhao reign Yan northern boundary of the Great Wall.
After the Qin Dynasty to the Ming 1800 years, Han, Northern
Wei, Eastern Wei, Northern Qi, Northern Zhou, Sui, Liao and Jin, Ming
generations of the Great Wall before repairs and additions, including the
largest to the Han and Ming Dynasty. 1368 AD, the emperor in Nanjing to become
emperor in August of the same year, the Ministry of Zhu Da into Dadu, declared
Yuan perish, Soon Ming to change Yuandadu Peking House, the Mongolian
aristocracy headed by Yuan Emperor Hui, relegated grasslands, separatist vast
areas in the north of the Great Wall, claiming North yuan. However, because of
its military power is still very strong, so the the Yuan dynasty remnants of
the Ming court struggle in quite a wide area still rages on. Ming court after
20 years of conquest, known as Tatars, but go to their country and Ming court
confrontation in Mobei, West Desert, northern Hebei, Liaoji area three trouble
on the frontier (Tatars, Wala, Wu Liang Kazakhstan) still exist between the
three tribes, in order to compete for grazing land, livestock, pastoralists
according to the five predatory successive years melee, but Han plunder this
point is consistent. Plus Wala Tartar tribes have unified the Mongolian tribes
and powerful, especially Wala Ming court's intrusion, few
Ming Dynastydestruction. Coupled with the rise of the northern statehood privet tribes and
southward invasion, resulting in the Ming Dynasty had to eliminate the trouble
on the frontier as a top priority of the Ming Dynasty.
In order to remove and defuse the confrontation, the Ming
court to take the two policies: one said XuanFuShi. Using public comfort
pension means to fight for the leader of the Mongolian tribes surrendered. Such
as closing Wala, Tartar princes of the king of Wu Liangha tribes cede territory
to the three health, labor forces. On the other hand, in order to prevent the
southward invasion of Mongolian tribes, adopted a policy of active defense,
namely the construction of the Great Wall, creation of the city. The founding
of the first year, the first Ming put the construction of the Great Wall as a
top priority, and to dispatch General Xu Da Juyongguan, etc. began building the
Great Wall, and it took nearly a hundred years, until the completion of the
Ming Great Wall project. After Yongle, Ming Dynasty more determined by high
pressure into the determination of the defensive measures, "the final out
of the World, border control is very strict, east from the Yalu, west Jiayu,
Miangen Miles, subdivision set Shou". Said "subdivision located
Shou" is the so-called Great Wall "nine towns." Subsidiary of
the nine towns of the wall, known as the "Nine".
The establishment of the nine towns build important
defensive measures taken by the Ming Dynasty, is a huge defense system unique
at all times, while the project itself is the greatest ancient engineering.
(Two) dachangzhen the sidewall construction of basic
Given
Beijing due north, northeast, northwest on three sides
near the plug, the Mongolia words and privet regime repeatedly guilty of the
edge of the actual situation, the Ming Dynasty was first established in
Liaodong, Vision House, Datong, Yansui, Ningxia, Gansu, Jizhou (Station Three
Tuen camp, now the Hebei to move WNW) Taiyuan, Guyuan this, nine city set age
is largely complete step by step from the Hongwu to Jiajingnianjian.
Mongolia's South offensive focused on three towns Vision
House, Datong, Jizhou thistle town became nine town to town, screen aboriginal
capital powerhouse, as Wubei records, "said:" Thistle town is the
capital Zhizuo lose Guochu declared, Liaoning Contact pillars off. "
Thistle town defense agencies and officials, the Ming Dynasty, has been
cautious, entrusted with the minister of state. And thistle town and its
dachangzhen of, true security town formed the so-called in three passes.
Dachangzhen case thistle town jurisdiction is by three
related a city, dachangzhen set "taking part (in Changping). Walls of
dachangzhen within three off part of the walls, it east thistle town sidewall
West first Mutianyu west town border town and then a Paul town boundary
Zijingguan really a total length of 460 Whalley "
Wubei Kingdoms"
records, a total of "Castle 28 hollow enemy units 25o, Shoubian pier 169,"
According to the "Jifu Annals" records: dachangzhen "Total pass
three tests 79
Yu Minutes dachangzhen in "Juyongguan there Pier
Village 73, City 2, Fort 3, Mabu Jun 13762" records. Can be seen,
dachangzhen defense system and facilities at the time is considerable.
Colosseum (Colosseum), also translated as the Roman arena,
the Colosseum, the Roman amphitheater, colosseum, chloroform Sam, the original
Ming Fulai the amphitheater (Amphitheatrum Flavium), built in the year 72-82
years, the site is located on the center of the Italian capital Rome, in the
south side of the Piazza Venezia, the Roman market nearby. From the exterior,
it is positively round; overlooking, it is oval. It covers an area of about
20,000 square meters, the large diameter of 188 meters, the small diameter of
156 meters, the circumference of 527 m long, 57 m high walls, can accommodate
nearly 90,000 the number of viewers. Walls is divided into four, the former
three have pillar garnish, Doric, Ionic column, Corinthian order, which is seen
in ancient Athens last week, three pillar. Things worth noting in this
three-tiered, between every two Banlu cylindrical, rectangular arches, three of
80 arches, each arches connected to a channel. The fourth layer (the Roman
arches representative architectural style) decorative relatively simple, only
rectangular windows and rectangular pilasters constitute, above the canopy, can
be used to shade.
